松花江流域作物生长季降水的季节内振荡特征分析
Analysis of intraseasonal oscillation characteristics of crop growing season precipitation in the Songhua River basin
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摘要: 基于1961—2023年中国2416个台站观测的高分辨格点化逐日降水资料、NCEP/NCAR逐日再分析资料以及NOAA逐日向外长波辐射资料,分析了松花江流域作物生长季(5—9月)降水的10~30 d季节内振荡(Intraseasonal Oscillation,ISO),讨论了松花江流域一致型降水主模态及其ISO活跃事件的成因。结果表明:在对流层200 hPa高度上,中高纬度地区从西欧至西北太平洋的10~30 d 欧亚遥相关型(Eurasian teleconnection patten,EU)涡度异常波列自西向东传播,调控了松花江流域上空大气环流异常。在松花江流域季节内异常降水湿位相中,松花江流域上空为正涡度平流,对流层上层大气辐散,其上空的负涡度异常区与青藏高原上空的负涡度异常区连接贯通,使得松花江流域对流层低层异常气旋性环流底部向西南延伸形成狭长的切变,源自孟加拉湾和南海—热带西太平洋的暖湿气流沿切变线前的西南气流向北输送至松花江流域,导致降水增强。反之,当高空两个正涡度区连通,则降水减弱。可见,中高纬度的EU异常波列对松花江流域作物生长季降水的季节内变率起到重要的调节作用。Abstract: Using high-resolution gridded daily precipitation data derived from observations at 2416 meteorological stations across China during 1961-2023,daily NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data and daily NOAA outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) data,this paper analyzes the 10-30-day intra seasonal oscillation (ISO) of precipitation of precipitation in the crop growing season (May-September) over the Songhua River Basin,and explores the mechanisms responsible for the basin-scale dominant precipitation mode and its active ISO events.The results show that at 200 hPa in the troposphere,a 10-30-day Eurasian teleconnection patttern (EU) of vorticity anomalies propagates eastward across mid-high latitudes from Western Europe to the Northwest Pacific,modulating anomalous atmospheric circulation over the Songhua River Basin.During the wet phase of intraseasonal precipitation anomalies in the basin,positive vorticity advection occurs over the Songhua River Basin together with upper-tropospheric divergence.The negative vorticity anomaly center above the basin is connected to that over the Tibetan Plateau,which stretches the bottom of the anomalous low-level cyclonic circulation over the basin southwestward to form a long and narrow shear zone.Warm and moist air originating from the Bay of Bengal,the South China Sea and tropical western Pacific are transported northward to the Songhua River Basin by southwesterly winds ahead of the shear line,thereby enhancing precipitation.In contrast,precipitation decreases when the two upper-level positive vorticity centers are linked.Therefore,the mid-high-latitude anomalous EU plays a crucial modulating role in the intraseasonal variability of precipitation over the Songhua River Basin throughout the crop growing season.
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